Single phase Induction motor
A Single phase Induction motor is a type of motor having single phase winding.The winding is mounted over the stator. While the cage winding is placed on the rotor.
When the single phase power supply connects to the winding of the stator. It produces a pulsating magnetic field. Now the rotor of the is rotated by some other source. Because when we connect supply, the rotor does not self start. It will need special starting means.
Once the rotor starts rotation by some auxiliary source while the stator connects with Power Supply, the single phase induction motor starts rotation.
Parameters of Single phase Induction motor
1-phase induction motor consists of stator and rotor.The construction of this type of motor is just like squirrel’s cage three-phase induction motors. We will explain each part briefly.
Stator
As clear from its name stator is the static part of the induction motor. In a 1 phase Induction motor, the number of windings in the stator are two.
To reduce the eddy current losses the stator of this type of motor has laminated stamping.
Similarly, to reduce the hysteresis losses the stamping is made of silicon steel. Once we connect a single phase power supply to the stator windings, the magnetic field produces.
Rotor
The rotor is the rotating part of the induction motor. It connects load via shaft.The rotor of a single-phase induction motor is cylindrical, and its periphery has slots.
The rotor consists of bars made of aluminum, copper, or brass. The copper or aluminum bars are also called rotor conductors. These bars are mounted over the perimeter of the rotor.
The rotor conductors are also called end rings. These rings are made of aluminum or copper. No brushes or slip rings exist in a single-phase induction motor.
working principle
In Single-phase Induction motor when we apply AC power to windings of the stator. It produces flux called Main Flux. In the same time rotor conductor links with main flux.
During this process, the EMF is induced. Once the rotor circuit closes, the current flows in a rotor. The rotor current produces rotor flux. Now two main flux and rotor flux produces torque. And the motor starts rotating.
Due to initial resistance, the motor rotates at slightly less speed than the synchronous speed. The formula for the synchronous speed is
Where
- F is the frequency of Supply Voltage
- “P” denotes the number of poles of Motor
